A Guide to Impact Crusher Hammers: Types, Materials, and Functions

A Guide to Impact Crusher Hammers: Types, Materials, and Functions

Impact crushers are widely used in various industries for crushing medium-hard to hard materials, depending on the feed size and product size. These crushers have high efficiency, low maintenance cost, and optimized crushing cavity to deliver enhanced crushing ratio. Often used as primary or secondary crushers, impact crushers are an important tool in any stone crushing operation.

One crucial component of an impact crusher is its hammers. These hammers play a vital role in the overall functionality of the machine. In this article, we will examine the different types of impact crusher hammers, their various materials, and their functions.

1. Types of Impact Crusher Hammers:

a. Swing-hammers: These hammers pivot freely on a disc mounted on the main shaft, allowing them to move within a limited arc. This movement imparts rotational motion to the hammer assembly, enabling it to impact the material fed into the crushing chamber.

b. Fixed-hammers: These hammers are fixed to the rotor of the impact crusher. They do not swing, like the swing-hammers, but instead, provide a crushing force to the material by impacting it against the stationary breaker plates.

2. Materials used for Impact Crusher Hammers:

a. High manganese steel: High manganese steel hammers are a common choice for general crushing applications due to their ability to withstand high impact forces and abrasion. The alloy steel provides excellent wear resistance and toughness, making it suitable for crushing materials with high hardness, such as limestone and dolomite.

b. Martensitic steel: Martensitic steel hammers offer improved resistance to wear and impact compared to high manganese steel hammers. They are particularly effective in crushing materials with high silica content, such as granite and basalt. Martensitic steel hammers can withstand heavy impacts and provide high productivity.

c. Chrome white iron: Chrome white iron hammers are known for their exceptional abrasion resistance. These hammers are often used in recycling applications where the feed material contains abrasive elements like concrete and asphalt. Chrome white iron hammers are highly durable and ensure a longer service life for the impact crusher.

3. Functions of Impact Crusher Hammers:

a. Crushing: The primary function of an impact crusher hammer is to break up the material into smaller pieces, allowing for easier processing and subsequent separation. Crushing is achieved by the impact of the hammer against the material.

b. Counterattack: After the material is hit by the hammer, it may rebound and hit the impact plate or the inner wall of the crushing cavity. The hammers provide a counterforce against this rebound, reducing the chance of material escaping the crushing chamber in subsequent cycles.

c. Granulation: The hammers also contribute to the granulation process, wherein the smaller pieces of the demolished material are further reduced in size to achieve the desired product specifications.

In conclusion, impact crusher hammers are essential components within the crushing equipment and play a significant role in the overall performance of the machine. By choosing the right type of hammer and material, operators can maximize the productivity, efficiency, and longevity of their impact crushers. Regular inspection and maintenance of the hammers are necessary to ensure optimal performance and avoid any unplanned downtime.

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