Step-by-Step Guide on How a Hammer Mill Functions: Visualizing the Diagram

A hammer mill is an essential machine in the pharmaceutical and food processing industries. You can use it to crush, pulverize, shred, grind, and reduce material to suitable sizes. Even though there are many types of hammer mills, the working principle is still the same. You will learn about it shortly.

First, let’s have a quick over view of a pharmaceutical hammer mill. Below is an image showing a fully assembled equipment:

SaintyCo CFJ hammer mill

From above, you can see that this hammer mill has five main parts. Normally, the number of parts may vary depending on the complexity of the machine design. Every part/component you see in the image above plays an integral role in the overall working principle of hammer mills.

However, the milling process mainly takes place in the crushing chamber (part 3). The working principle of a hammer mill is based on a simple mechanism. However, before explaining how the whole process works, let’s look at some of the basic aspects of a hammer mill.

The following diagram shows the basic structure of a hammer mill:

Particle size reduction equipment

Components of a Hammer Mill

Working Principle of a Hammer Mill

The operation of a hammer mill is simple. It’s generally controlled by a gravity feed hopper. The material to be processed enters the hammer mill through gravity feed hopper having an adjustable slide to control the feed material. The material is crushed between the hammers and serrated liners. A powerful blower in hammer mill continuously sucks the ground material through a screen classifier and conveyed through the pipe into the cyclone for bagging. The blower maintains constant airflow in the hammer mill chamber in order to obtain a cool product and continuously cleans the screens, thus increasing the output. Particle size of the ground material can be varied over a large range by using sieves with the desired openings of the hammer mill.

Typical application of hammer mill

The techno wings hammer mill can be used for a wide range of application, e.g. Animal & poultry feeds, chemicals, food products, herbs & spices like read chillies, black pepper, white pepper, cinnamon, cardamom, coriander, red pepper, oregano, basil, thyme, dill seed, shell corn, marine feeds, molding powders, dry soap, charcoal, tea, coffee, etc. Even dyes and chemicals of rare earth are being processed by these machines.

The work principle of hammer mill

Rely mainly on the impact to break material. The crushing process generally is the case, the material into the crushing machine, subject to the impact of high-speed rotary hammer mill, broken material gains kinetic energy from the hammer, from high-speed rush of the frame body baffle plate, screen, and at the same time the material against each other by multiple broken, smaller than the gap between the screen bars material were discharged from the gap, larger than the aperture of the screen, respectively, retained on the screen and again by the hammer, impact, grinding and extrusion material, to be further broken, until the broken material is reached required fineness of the material discharged through the lower part of the opening.

In conclusion, the above process reveals the basic working principles of a hammer mill. The material to be crushed enters the hammer mill through gravity feed hopper having an adjustable slide to control the feed material. The material is crushed between the hammers and serrated liners. A powerful blower in hammer mill continuously sucks the ground material through a screen classifier and conveyed through the pipe into the cyclone for bagging.

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